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THE FIELD AND Fill \IALL
Vol. I.
(The/ield and /irrsidf.
PI’BLIHHEr* BY
J. C 3-. CAMPBELL sSc CO.
At On** Hollar a Year.
OFFICE
IX THE OLD PRINTING OFKK'E
Building, Powder Spring Street, Mari
etta Georgia,
D AV1I) IRWIN .
W. A. P. M' I.ATCHKV. T. li. IRWIN.
Irwin, McClatchey & Irwin,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW.
in the Bine Rhlge. Rome,
. and Coweta Circuits.
Marietta, Maivjf):!. 1577. ly
WM. T. WINN. W 11.1.. ,1. WINN.
W. T. & W. J. WINN,
AIIo• it vy * a I La w ,
MARIETTA, GEORGI A.
Mareli 111, 1877. ly
W. IC. POWER,
Attorney at Law,
MARIETTA, (IA.
WILT, practice in the Courts of Cobb
and adjacent counties. Collect
ing a specialty. Otlice with Judge A.
X. Simpson, northwest corner of Public
Square. lv
J. E. MOSELY,
Attorney al liiin.
'*xtlT.T, attend toall intsines icon tided
W to him in Cobb and ad jacent coun
ties. Office —in MeClatebey’s Build
ing, np stairs.
Marietta, Mareli Rl, 1577. Cm
E. M. ALLEN,
llcalisl.
Of more than twenty years.
CHA RG E s REA SO N A It T. E .
Office —North side of Public Square.
.Marietta, March IS, 1N77. ly
Dll. G. TENNENT.
PraHiciiiit Physician.
Otlice on Cassville street. —Resi-
dence on Cherokee street.
Marietta, Mareli 13,1877. ly
DR. E. J. SEIZE,
Pliyit*inn and Xnrgron,
rjTENDERS bis professional services
1 in the praetiee of Medicine in all
its hranclies to the citizens of Marietta
and surrounding country. Office at the
Drug Store of Win. Root. inch 13—1 y
R. W. GABLE,
BOOT AMI t- SHOE MAKER
AND REPAIRER.
POWDER SPRING STREET,
MARIETTA, GEORGIA,
Work done at very low prices, and war
ranted. March 1, 1877.
Haley Brothers,
( 'HEROKEF. STREET.
Dealers in
OKOCKItIES, PROVISIONS,
AND
GENERAT. M EJH It AXD tZK.
Marietta, Qa., March Id, 1877. ly
M. H. Lyon,
( H BROKE E ST It E ET,
limn <;i:o<i:kii>.
And dealer in
COUNTRY PRODUCE.
Marietta, Marelt 13,1877. lv
H. T. <4 KI Si r,
CHEROKEE STREET,
Me and Em Maker
AND REPAIRER.
Marietta, Geo., Marelt Id, 1877. ly
House Building and
liepairing.
SASH, BUNDS, DOORS FINISHED
TO ORDER.
Lumber of all kiruls, and at 1 lie
lowest prices, for sale.
Thankful for the liberal patronage
hitherto, the stthseriher would state
that he is fully prepared to eon tract for
the erection of Buildings, and to exe
cute tin*contracts in the most satisfacto
ry manner. SHOP, south side Pitldh
Square.
Match. 1577. LEMUEL BLACK.
CONTRACTOR
AND
in ii.ihii:.
THE undersigned continue- hishnsi
ness of Brick Making, Stone and
Brick Building, and is prepared at any
tithe to take contracts on the nio-f reas
onable terms, and to execute them in file
most satisfactory manner.
H. B. WALLIS.
Marietta, March Id, 1877. ly
Agricultural.
On the Fses of Lime.
The ash of roil clover is seven
per cent, of hay ; this ash contains
thirty-five per cent, of lime; in
two thousand pounds of clover
hay there would he the large pro
portion of fifty pounds of lime:
the ash of white clover contains
thirty-two per cent, of lime ; lime
not only contributes to the growth
of grass and the cereals as a fer
tilizing agent, but by neutralizing
acids in tlie soil, and effecting the
decomposition of vegetable mat
ter, it has also a chemical effect;
another office of lime is the liber
at ion of nitrogen from organic
substances, thus preparing it for
| plant food ; by its action on iron
| pyrites, sulphuric acid is produc
; cd, which unites with it. forming
! gypsum. It also facilitates the
decomposition of granite andfel
i spathic rocks, which are prolific
! sources of potash and soda. With
decaying vegetable substances it
I decomposes salt, forming carbon
ate of soda and chloride of cal
cium, and in this latter form is
ready for plant food ; its chemical
activity in the soil by the libera
tion of gases, etc. necessarily pro
duces aeration, and consequent
modification of heavy clay soils ;
it also has a tendency to make
loose, sandy soils more compact,
jßy its physical effects in these
| cases bringing about conditions
necessary for the best results in
production. All this is in favor
of lime ; hut we find in a reliable
report, of experiments that in the
absence of lime a certain product
| weighed 340 grains; the result of
[ the application of lime was per
ceptible in the addition of only
! thirty grains to this amount,mak-
I ing 370 grains as the result of put
| ting superphosphate of lime, pot
| ash, ammonia and lime into burnt
j sand. If in soil which contains
I no lime, and is capable of produc
| ing 340 grains, we add humus—
j mould—the yield will remain the
I same, 340 grains ; if lime is now
I added to the soil, the product is
increased to 493 grains, and the
result of these experiments is stri
kingly corroborative of I lie ver
dict which plants give of the ne
| cessity of lime as furnished by
i the figures previously given ;
| hence the liberal application of
| lime, in addition to decaying veg
| etable matter, potash, superphos
i pliate of lime and ammonia, will
: in connection with them produce
| large crops; hut alone, as a fer
j tilizing agent, in the production
j of grain crops, it possesses small
relative value.
Pile on your lime, Imt to make
it pay, you must also pile on your
clover and grass seed, and com
mercial fertilizers, unless your
soil is already abundantly sup
plied with organic matter and la
tent mineral substances, and that
brown barren you expect to put
j wheat on does not appear filled
with over-much fatness.
The Opium Poppy in the Soulh.
Dr. F. F. I'orcher, in his Resour
ces of Southern Fields and For
ests, says:
I have gathered in a few days
more than an ounce of glim opi
um from specimens of the red
poppy found growing in a garden
near Statesburg, South Carolina.
All that we require could be gath
ered by the ladies and children of
the Southern States if the slight
est attention was paid to the cul
tivation of the plants in onr gat
dens. The gum, which hardens
after incising the capsules, is rea
dy for use; and may be used with
alcohol or whisky in making la it
danuin or paragoric. Several hun
dred thousands of dollars* worth
of opium are imported into the
United States annually, and yet
the opium plant grows luxuriant
ly in all of our gardens, and no
science is required to make the
gum.
Of the castor oil bean (palma
christa) the same authority says :
Boil the seed, and tin* oil that
swims on the surface may be used
as a cathartic. This plant grows
well in till the .Southern States,
and should be made such a source
of profit as to prevent the impor
tation of castor oil. Though an
annual, it frequently survives the
winter and lives several years as
a tree. From fifteen to twenty
five bushels of the seed can be
MARIETTA. GEORGIA. NOVEMBER 13, 1877.
grown from an acre of ordinary
land, if well cultivated. The oil
made front the bean i> the best
lubricator known. The cake left
after the oil is extracted is a line
manure for small grain.
Wlial is Clnu'iiitig !
Dr. A. S. Heath, of New York,
in a paper on this subject, says
that churning is a process that
brings all the butter globules into
frequent and perfect, contact wit It
the air by agitation or stirring of
the cream. The oxygen of the air
combines with the curd and ren
ders the little sacks brittle, so
that they break open and liberate
the globules of butter, which now
adhere to each other and form the
large mass of butter: thus the
curd is mostly separated and lloats
in the buttermilk. The sugar of
milk is mixed with the butter and
the butter-milk. This milk sugar
gives to the butter its fine ilavor
and imparts its lasting quality.
Dr. lleath does not object to
mixing hot or cold water with the
cream in the churn to bring it to
1 lie desired temperature for chur
ning, hut he does insist that but
ter should not lie washed in water,
as this is, in his opinion, decided
ly hurtful, taking away the sugar
of milk, and thereby impairing
both Ilavor and keeping quality.
Butter should he removed from
the churn with a wooden ladle,
put into a wooden butter howl,
and there worked and moulded in
such a manner that the butter
milk will drain and run out of it.
It should then he salted to suit
the taste with pure salt. Much
otherwise good butter is made hit
ter by impure salt, which contains
lime and magnesia in sufficient
quantity to spoil the flavor. To
purify salt for salting butter it
is advised to put about ten pounds
of good barrel or sack stilt in a
clean muslin strainer of double
thickness, place this on a tin col
ander; pour over this salt a pint
of boiling water in such manner
that every particle may he wash
ed ; a vessel set underneath the
colander will catch the dissolved
lime, magnesia and a few ounces
of salt, which can be thrown into
the salt tub for stock.
To preserve butter for a year it
is recommended that it he cart 1
fully packed in clean tubs, and
kept in a cool, dry place. Salt,
in Dr. Heath's opinion, does not
preserve butter, neither does the
brine; therefore, he says, all ex
tra salt and water is hurtful. For
long keeping, tight kegs, filled
quite full, are best.
Apple Orchil ills.
When a fanner desires to set
an apple orchard, he had better
obtain his trees in October or ear
ly in November before the ground
freezes, and heel them in till next
spring, because if not obtained
till spring, he would be delayed
in setting them, as nurserymen
have so much to do at that season
that they cannot (ill orders as soon
as wanted. Farmers, also, are
very busy in the spring, and they
! should do every thing in the fall
lhat can possibly be done at that
season. The land for a voting orelt
ard may be manured and plough
ed in the fall, so that il will only
require harrowing in the spring to
be ready to set; the trees. Don't
trust to any travelling “agent” of
j a nursery for your t rees, as three
j fourths of these men tire not a
gents, but they procure then
stock of trees, etc. where 1 hey can
buy them the cheapest, and sell
on their “own hook," and the re
; suit is, in many eases, that one
j does not get the varieties ordered,
! as these professed “agents" often
; (ill orders for various varieties
! from one kind that are worthless,
and bought by the “agent” at a
very low rate. As an instaneeof
! their frauds, a neighbor of mine
ordered three varieties of grapes
from one of them, and when they
fruited lie found that he had none
of the varieties ordered, and soil
i> frequently with fruit trees.
Apple trees may be set thirty
to thirty five feet apart; and if
one chooses to do so he can set a
dwarf pear tree between every
two apple trees. The land should
be kept in cultivation, at least till
the apple trees begin to bear fruit
with an application of manure
annually. It will pay well to do
this in the more rapid growth of
the trees. Fotatoe- are a good
crop to grow, and may be planted
for many years on the same land,
if manured yearly. No trees o
ver three years old, as a general
rule, should he set, and great care
should he taken in digging them,
pruning and setting. It doesn't
do to hurry such work, nor is it
safe to trust to hired help.— Er.
Kidney Worms in Hogs.
A correspondent of the Farm
■lonnull gives the following with
reference to the cure of a fine hog
by means of carbolic acid :
On the 20th day of February', 1
noticed that one of my hogs (a
large Chester W&ite sow) was a
little weak in the hack. On ex
amining her. I found that it was
with great difficulty that site rais
ed her fore feet in trying to walk.
As 1 have had very little expe
rience in raising hogs, I at once
consulted a number of my neigh
bors. They all pronounced it kid
ney worm, and, of course, each
had a remedy. Some prescribed
soap suds, others weak lye, cop
peras, blue vitrol, turpentine, Ac.
1 gave each a fair trial, with no
good results; and on the 20th of
March, she laid flat on her side,
unable to turn over, and had not
been on her feet for more titan 10
days, when my father, a physician,
handed me it bottle of carbolic a
cid, and told me to use it as fol
lows : ten drops once a day in
drink, then put thirty drops in one
gill of hot vinegar, and bathe the
hack over the kidneys once a day.
I gave tin* first dose on Thursday',
March 21. On Sunday', the 2411 1 ,
when I went out to feed, she rais
ed to her feet, and took two or
three steps to meet me. By Sa
turday. the 30th, she was as well
and sound as ever. The same
remedy is equally good in treat
ing mange. First, wash the hog
well with soap suds; then to one
pint of lard, while hot, add one
ounce of carbolic acid, stirring it
until it is cool. Hub the hog two
or three times with this, and give
yourself no uneasiness about the
mange.
Hog Cholera.
A farmer, writing from West
Tennessee on the subject oi hog
cholera, says that three years ago
he had a lot of twenty-six line
hogs running upon clover all sum
mer. In the winter he turned
them upon peas. The cholera
soon made ils appearance, lie
turned them into a lot without
water, except what was given
them in a trough. In that he used
blue stone sufficient to color the
water, one tablespoon fill saltpe
tre, the same of spirits of turpen
tine and one-fourth of an once of
assafa-tida. He kept it .up for two
weeks, every third day, and did
not.lose a hog. He hits practised
the same remedy ever since, and
finds it satisfactory.
A farmer writing from .Middle
Tennessee stated that, he had kept
his hogs free from cholera while
the disease prevailed, several
times among his neighbors’ swine,
by giving them sulphur in dry
meal three days in the month.—
This practice has been kept it])
for twelve years, and the result is
fat hogs and not a single case of
cholera in till 1 hat t into.
Peas on Poor La ml.
Mr. Killebrew, in his report of
the crops of the State of Tennes
see, says tlial peas <lo not receive
the attention they deserve,as they
furnish one of the host fertilizing
crops which can he grown, and
flourish with luxuriance upon soil
that will not grow clover or other
grasses. According to his expe
rience, a galled hillside can here
claimed hv sowing in peas and
turning under the crop while in
bloom. Asa crop to precede the
wheat, he considers it equal to
clover, and much more certain in
its growth. The black pea sown
in corn fields at the last plough
ing will keep a large drove of
hogs during the winter, and sup
ply rich food for cattle. This crop,
it should he remembered, can he
grown at a less cost than almost
any other,while its nutrilivequal
ilies are almost equal to corn.
Clover and Potatoes.
• A farmer gives quite an unsatis
factory result of following a crop
of potatoes with clover. In his
experience, a well set. thick field
of clover i< rarely, if ever, gained
with following a grain crop after
potatoes. In illustration of this
statement, he cited two fields of
unilormly strong soil, previously
plowed and manured alike and
at the same time, all sown with
wheat, when seeded to clover, one
of which had been planted with
corn and the other to potatoes.—
When the grass was cut, 1 hat field
where the corn had been was dou
ble that were the potatoes were
grown. While different results
came on different soils, and on
the same soil when under treat
ment, still he felt that the slate
ment holds good.
In the Hen-House.
A farmer, who believes in earth
Moors for fowl houses, offers a few
suggestions growing out of his
own successful experience, lie
asserts tint! a good, commodious
hen house pays in all respects,and
more especially in the droppings
saved therefrom, lie says the
Moors of hen-houses should he dug
over every week or so in summer
and full, as should he all poultry
runs. This freshens the (‘art It and
gives the liens line rolling privi
leges in hot weather.
Before the fall rains conn* on,
this larmer hauls a plentiful sup
ply oi any kind of clean loam or
good soil, and shelters it in dose
proximity !o the hen house. Tins,
during the winter, he scatters on
the floor of the house every' week
or ten days, lirsl raking away that
which had been previously thrown
there, and which is well mixed
with Hie fowls' droppings; lliese
Hikings go far towards building
up one of the most valuable coin
post piles of the farm. The fresh
earth scattered now and then
keeps the hen house neat and
clean; the labor is easy and may
he done at odd moments when
Hie time is not missed, and the re
sult is that by spring there is a
rich accumulation for the vegeta
hie garden equal in value to the
most expensive fertilizer, and yet
not having cost anything beyond
it little easy labor each week.-
This farmer prevents lice among
chickens by sprinkling sulphur in
the feathers of the sitting hens.
Prof. A. Oorbett, in a recent
treatise on gallinaculture, stated
that poultry guano is worth, if
kept under cover, almost as much
in price as Pacific guano, which
sells at sixty dollars and upwards
per ton. Hen manure on the gar
den or farm is worth fifty dollars
per ton. To prepare il for use lie
advises mixing il with soil, half
and half. For corn, onions, and
all vegetables, it is one of the
best manures. No farmer who
wants to make his farm pay should
fail to save it.
Laborers in the Itlack Belt.
We notice in number forty eight
October 4, a correspondent of the
Plantation under flu* name of
“Planter,*’ comes to the aid of
“Rusticus,” with a spicy article,
advocating the claims of Cully
and Sambo its the best laborers
in the world. Now, we are not
disposed to detract from tlie col
ored race anything that they .just
ly merit, for we have long been
convinced that ignorance, indo
lence and superstition would be
the destruction of the blacks as
laborers, and have yearned to see
some plan inaugurated to elevate
and improve the moral status of
the negroes so that they niiglitjie
come good tenants, industrious
and thrifty; but twelve years’
freedom lias found them in not
much better condition than when
first freed. Hut the old negroes
now among ns do possess some
traits that are highly commenda
ble, which sire seldom found to
much extent among the laboring
classes of whites; observation
and experience in the manage
ment of negroes who were once
slaves develops the fact that they
arc the most forgiving people
known, and rarely ever harbor
malice, and tire generally easy to
control. They are also the most
hopeful people on the face of the
globe, in our opinion, and will la
bor cheerfully under circttm:-dan
cos that no white man will pre
tend to do. These (rails in the
character of the old reliables, of
course, constitute a merited title
the best laborers in the world for
cotton growing anti general farm
work in the black belt. But these
traits are not, in ouropiuion. be
ing inherited by the rising gene
ration of the blacks, or the per
cent, is so small that it will not
meet t In- demands of thR
and him!owners in this
wit h*d a tiding "Plan tens®
in educating and traiin
young men to be the htjjM
on his farm, for whichi
credit ; lie eeMainly^jgSSj
! iiikil oiii keeping siHBH|
ally good negroes
he undcrMajuls the
di of gelling lliem to
could not cultivate
acre- for iifl|
<>!hoK
to 1 we 11 t v ikToMii ! Ill
garded as being
negro, and t wenly-fijH^
ariv- In I lie 111
■■ I Mauler" u
w Lie aw akr farii^^flHHg
be pleased to set-
managing his fane4*sjßtj
ploy et-s published hi nHBS
/‘.'n,,/,if loget her
Mills; as we begin In jflßgg
we are getting in
need instruction
especially in
a;;e 111 e 11 1 of I lie
now ruining on,
be eonl rolled 111 I
old reliables, or -I
ers in I lie world" will sotw|
w here w e an- not ahh-Hi
perhanuto Liberia, wlvitHl
t lie
is! 11 ■
•■i ■ i -m 1 fhp?
than
negroes, and the cry is un|
wind will become of I hem
haps “Planter's” proposed 1
for the blacks (to wit: chat
aml penitentiary) will nnHL-j
the quest ion in the near fultWft
but are Hie land owners and tSI
tilers in the black belt prepaflg
l<> have them sent In these
schools t<> graduate in the
wielding the hoc and gttidM “ j
plow' Wo agree with -TiHmra
that il 1- onr dnt \ to cult iYj^EraPi
present its the present denimnlW
Inti while doing litis, we
prudent and even wist- to
for tin- fut tin*, so as to emihl^^H
to meet Miecessfiilly the residHH
the future in all the l-clutijfln- 1
lift-. W<■ have no |ir--|iidicfl|l|ia
t-Vef to 1 lit- colored race, ftilVH
a child, next in alfcction t®S§f|
mother, was aunt Hannah.
ored woman, and having
raised among them, anti
owned and controlled negroes to
some extent, when they were
slaves, from the date of our be
coming of age, until they were
freed, and since Ihey were made
cit izens,we have had the direction
and control of a larger number up
to this date than before, hence
our opportunity for studying the
character and disposition of “the
best laborer in the world” has
been reasonably good. But facts
are stubborn things, and cannot
be controverted; they may be
suppressed and stifled for a short
time, but. eventually they will de
velop themselves; it, is a plain
and palpable fact that requires
no magnifying glass to look thro’
to see it, that the negroes in the
black belt of Alabama are fast
deteriorating in value as farm la
borers. tin- number annually sent
to these high schools is alarming,
and we have serious doubts as to
the ability of legislative bodies
being competent to enact laws to
meet the emergency of even tlie
present, especially if the laws are
expected to makegood and relia
ble laborers of young C’uflee atttL
Sam ho. Sont/arn Ptantation.^k
IT.m.n S \r< i,. fakeom*
pepper seeds or three
pers, cut in pieces, as the caflj
may he, to one quart of viuegaifl
srald the vinegar, and pour ifl
scalding hot over the
cover, hut do not cook,
.land four or li \ c
train, and let land .ream iflBSHj
day-, when all the
'ln' \ill < • .11 will 1 1 a\ e
do- lint t<nn of lie- V< ■ ~
off and bottle for Use.
To I’isrsKiivi. ('i:\ii Am.KS.fl
To eaHi pound of fruit,
pound of II ear. and one hailHHB
of water: put lhe sugar
til into a porri'la in kettle
Coil up. then -kirn and
apple.' ; huil until you can
through them;
lie- fruit and put iMut
np and i ofl ’ .TT''
